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Title:
A Second Case of Variable Na I D Lines in a Highly Reddened Type Ia Supernova
Authors:
Blondin, S.; Prieto, J. L.; Patat, F.; Challis, P.; Hicken, M.; Kirshner, R. P.; Matheson, T.; Modjaz, M.
Affiliation:
AA(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany ; ), AB(Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, 140 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA ), AC(European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany ), AD(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ), AE(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ), AF(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ), AG(National Optical Astronomy Observatory, 950 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719-4933, USA ), AH(Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA )
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 693, Issue 1, pp. 207-215 (2009). (ApJ Homepage)
Publication Date:
03/2009
Origin:
IOP
ApJ Keywords:
circumstellar matter, dust, extinction, supernovae: general
DOI:
10.1088/0004-637X/693/1/207
Bibliographic Code:
2009ApJ...693..207B

Abstract

Recent high-resolution spectra of the Type Ia supernova SN 2006X have revealed the presence of time-variable and blueshifted Na I D features, interpreted by Patat et al. as originating in circumstellar material within the progenitor system. The variation seen in SN 2006X induces relatively large changes in the total Na I D equivalent width (ΔEW ~ 0.5 Å in just over two weeks) that would be detectable at lower resolutions. We have used a large data set comprising 2400 low-resolution spectra of 450 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) obtained by the CfA Supernova Program to search for variable Na I D features. Out of the 31 SNe Ia (including SN 2006X) in which we could have detected similar EW variations, only one other (SN 1999cl) shows variable Na I D features, with an even larger change over a similar ~10 day timescale (ΔEW = 1.66 ± 0.21 Å). Interestingly, both SN 1999cl and SN 2006X are the two most highly reddened objects in our sample, raising the possibility that the variability is connected to dusty environments.
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